Dementia is a collective term for a range of symptoms that affect memory, thinking, and social abilities severely enough to interfere with daily life. It is not a single disease but rather a syndrome associated with various neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, and Lewy body dementia. The symptoms typically worsen over time and can significantly impact an individual’s ability to function independently.
Memory loss (especially short-term memory).
Difficulty with problem-solving or planning.
Trouble understanding visual images or spatial relationships (e.g., getting lost).
Problems finding words or following conversations.
Difficulty reading or writing.
Behavioral Changes:
Inappropriate behavior or loss of social skills.
Difficulty performing familiar tasks (e.g., cooking, managing finances).
Wandering or getting lost in familiar places.
They might become less aware of the food in their mouth or the act of swallowing, leading to pocketing food or spitting it out. Dementia can cause muscle weakness, which can affect the muscles involved in chewing and swallowing, making it harder to move food down the esophagus. Individuals with dementia may forget how to chew and swallow properly, leading to difficulties with coordination and control.
forgetting recent events, repeating questions, using unusual words for common objects, neglecting personal hygiene, and showing signs of confusion or disorientation.
Age: The risk increases significantly with age; most cases occur in individuals over 65.
Genetics: Family history of dementia can elevate risk.
Lifestyle factors: Poor cardiovascular health (e.g., high blood pressure, diabetes), smoking, obesity, and lack of physical activity can contribute to risk.
Dementia primarily affects older adults, particularly those aged 65 and older. However, early-onset dementia can occur in individuals as young as their 30s or 40s.
Speech-sy’s assessment procedure include:-
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